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必须避开的5大健身“暗礁”
发布时间:2011-05-10      来源:凤凰网

    暗礁1:只重训练不重营养

    许多健美爱好者热衷于在健身房挥洒汗水,一进健身房就迫不及待地卧推。弯举……认为练得越多,强度越大,增肌的效果越好,却往往忽视了增肌的另一个关键因素——营养。健美界有句行话叫“增肌一半靠练,一半靠吃”,这确实是一条通俗的经验总结。“练”是指科学的练,“吃”指的就是合理的营养补充。那么,如何吃才算合理呢?健美训练者的每日食谱配备可参照此公式,即适度的蛋白质食品+低脂食品+高碳水化合物食品。

    暗礁2:多吃肉长肌肉

    肌肉的生长需要摄入充足的原料,所以很多人会有这样的错误观点——多吃肉长肌肉。诚然,蛋白质是肌肉增长的原料,为了满足肌肉的生长,蛋白质的摄取量需达到每天1.6~2克/公斤体重,但这些蛋白质如果单靠吃肉来获取,随之而来的“副产品”可能会是过量脂肪的摄入,最终肌肉没长,倒是长了一身肥肉。所以在日常膳食中要选择脂肪含量低的肉类食物,如去皮的鸡胸肉、瘦牛肉、鱼肉等肉类,鸡蛋白也是不错的选择。另外,可以服用一些专业的蛋白粉类的营养品,它能有效地帮助健美爱好者增肌而不增脂。

    暗礁3:蛋白质补得越多越好

    一些健身者错误地认为“既然蛋白质是增肌的重要原料,那么吃得越多越有利于增肌”。事实证明,这是一个美丽的谎言!增肌者的蛋白质需要量确实要比普通人多,对一般增肌者来说,每天每公斤体重1.6~2克的蛋白质就完全能够满足需要了。多余的蛋白质并不能被人体利用。相反,它会加重肝。肾负担,长期的高蛋白饮食还会导致肝肾功能异常。此外,大量蛋白质在代谢的过程中还会产生许多有毒废物,造成脱水和体液酸化,使疲劳提早发生,削弱训练效果。

    暗礁4:忽视蔬菜、水果的补充

    很多人只重视补充足够的蛋白质,而对于蔬菜、水果的补充就不那么重视了,认为这些食物对增肌没什么重要作用。殊不知,这正是许多初学者增肌效果不好的原因,增肌运动会消耗大量的维生素和矿物质,如果得不到有效的补充,就容易引起能量及物质代谢的紊乱,容易疲劳。更为重要的是,蔬菜水果中的某些维生素和矿物质,如硼。锌和维生素C具有促进睾酮分泌的作用,而睾酮可促进肌肉生长,充足的蔬果补充往往能使增肌达到事半功倍的效果.此外,蔬果中富含的番茄红素,维生素C、E等具有很好的抗氧化作用,能有效清除力量训练造成的体内过多的自由基,从而保护了肌肉细胞,促进疲劳恢复。

    暗礁5:睡前加餐有助于增肌

    许多初级增肌爱好者,尤其是体形比较瘦弱的增肌者,为了使自己的肌肉迅速长起来,喜欢在睡前加餐。但一段时间之后就会发现,自己肌肉的围度没有变化,肚皮的厚度却日渐增长,这让他们很苦恼,也很困惑。其实,原因很简单,睡前吃得比较多,睡觉时身体的代谢又减慢,热量消耗不掉,必然会转化成脂肪囤积起来。那什么时间加餐有助于增肌呢?首先,在每次锻炼前的30分钟到1小时吃一些蛋糕、香蕉等食品,以保证锻炼过程中的能量供应;其次,要抓住每次锻炼后30分钟内这段营养补充的“黄金时期”,补充一两个鸡蛋或一勺蛋白粉,有助于受伤肌肉和组织的修复重建和肌肉酸痛等症状的缓解。

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