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饮酒亦能养生 关键注意饮酒时间和方式
发布时间:2010-11-29      来源:

    酒有多种,其性味功效大同小异。一般而论,酒性温而味辛,温者能祛寒,辛者能发散,所以酒能疏通经脉、行气和血、温阳祛寒,能疏肝解郁、宣情畅意。

    人类最初的饮酒行为虽然还不能称之为饮酒养生,但却与保健养生有着密切的联系。最初的酒是人类采集的野生水果在适宜条件自然发酵而成的,由于许多野生水果本身就具有药用价值,所以最初的酒可以称得上是天然的“保健酒”,它对人体健康有一定的保护和促进作用。

    元朝医学《饮膳正要》一书中,对酒的利害总括为“酒味甘辛,大热有毒,主行药势,杀百邪,通血脉,厚胃肠,消忧愁,少饮为佳;多饮上身损寿,易人本性,其毒甚是也,饮酒过度,丧生之源”。

    饮酒的关键在“少饮”。酒里都含有酒精,酒精可以杀菌,就是所谓的“杀百邪”,因此某些流行病初现时,不少喝酒的人早晚都喝一小杯,人们把一些 药如人参等放在酒里给病人服用,借酒“通血脉”“主行药势”,取得了更好的疗效。此外,可以借酒御寒,少量饮酒可促进血液循环;有助于恢复体温,这就是下 海渔民常带酒出海的原因所在。

    即便如此,很多人对此还是心有余悸——保健和伤身之间的“度”该如何把握呢?湖北省中医院国家级名老中医涂晋文教授对此做出了解答。

    涂晋文说,喝酒保健在晚上6点左右最好,也就是晚餐时。因为酒精经肝脏分解时需要多种酶与维生素的参与,而人体此时分解的解酒的酶相对多一些, 有利于乙醇的分解,再就是晚上喝酒不会影响人们的生活和工作,对有些人还能帮助促进睡眠。根据自己的体质状况,一般情况下,酒的酒精度数越高,则酒量就应 相应减少,从一天的总量上来说,白酒一般应控制在50毫升左右,药酒控制在100毫升左右,黄酒也可以在100毫升左右,红酒控制在150毫升~200毫 升,啤酒则控制在500毫升左右为宜。

    许多人喝酒常一饮而尽,似乎一杯杯地干才觉得痛快,才显得豪爽。其实这样饮酒是不科学的,正确的饮法应该是轻酌慢饮。《吕氏春秋》说:“凡养 生,……饮必小咽,端直无戾。”清人朱彝尊在《食宪鸿秘》中也说:“饮酒不宜气粗及速,粗速伤肺。肺为五脏华盖,尤不可伤。且粗速无品。”涂晋文建议,吃 饭、饮酒都应慢慢地来,这样才能品出味道,也有助于消化,不致于给脾胃造成过量的负担。

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