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寒假起居无常引发呼吸道疾病
发布时间:2011-01-13      来源:

    寒假、春节快到了,医生们的担心也开始了。“快过节了,孩子们放寒假在家,家长往往对孩子的饮食、作息放宽了许多。适当的放宽是可以的,但要适可而止,不然就会引发疾病。每年在节日之后,儿科门诊总会迎来一个小高潮,消化系统、呼吸系统和意外伤害是三种最常见的节日病。”首都儿研所儿童保健科副主任医师李海鹰对记者说。在此也提醒家长,一定要对一些细节加以注意,才能保证孩子健健康康度过节日假期。

    吃喝不规律让消化道受伤

    节日期间,亲朋好友聚会,都会准备丰富的食物,多以高蛋白、高脂肪、高热量的食物为主,而高纤维素的食物却比较少。连续让孩子进食这些食物,会造成孩子消化不良,严重的还会引起急性胃炎、肠炎等,出现发热、呕吐和腹泻等症状。再加上放寒假期间,孩子们三餐不像往日那样定时定量,这些都是引起消化系统疾病的诱因。

    另外,节日期间,饭菜准备得较多,容易有剩饭剩菜,如果储存不当或者时间过长,饭菜容易变质。孩子吃了变质的食物,就会引发胃肠道急性感染。

    建议:假期孩子的饮食,应当尽量按照原来的时间和规律,饮食搭配也要多样化,注重摄入维生素及纤维素含量高的食物。在孩子吃了肉类食物后,避免让他再吃冰激凌、喝凉饮料等。饮食也不要过量。

    起居无常引发呼吸道疾病

    放假了,各种游玩、聚会、聚餐,都会打乱孩子日常的生活规律,使孩子的休息时间减少,或者干脆就不睡午觉了,晚上也睡的比平时晚。睡眠不够,不仅会影响食欲,导致心情烦躁,还会使孩子的免疫力下降,更容易被病毒击中,患上冬季常见的呼吸道感染、急性咽炎、扁桃体炎等疾病。

    建议:无论是过节那几天,还是整个寒假,对孩子来说,保证睡眠是很关键的。不要让孩子玩得太晚,或者取消午睡。另外,户外锻炼时间每天也要保证在半小时到两小时,这样才能全面保证抵抗力不因过节而降低。

    看护不周导致意外伤害

    在寒暑假期间,儿童意外伤害事故的发生率要占到全年总数的一半。而寒假儿童伤害中,又以烧烫伤、中毒为最多。这是由中国疾控中心慢病中心最新公布的信息。

    另外节日期间,孩子接触花生、瓜子之类零食的机会多,家长又忙着迎来送往,往往对孩子的看护不像平日那么周到,如果孩子在跳、跑、嬉笑时吃这类零食,极易呛入气管,造成窒息。另外,带着孩子在商场、超市、游乐场等地方购物玩耍时,孩子也有可能因为人多拥挤,家长看不过来而受伤。

    建议:节日期间,让孩子们充分享受假期的同时,家长千万不要大撒把,一定要有专人看护孩子,以便及时制止他们的危险动作及行为。给孩子吃花生、瓜子、果冻等食物时,应保证在安静的状态下,并有家长看护。

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