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儿童抽动症要早诊断早治疗
发布时间：2011-01-13      来源：

    小亮的眼睛老爱一挤一眨的，眨得很夸张，妈妈担心他的眼睛有什么问题，带他去医院眼科检查，医生说眼睛本身并没有问题。过了多久，才被确诊为是因抽动症引起的。成都儿童抽动症、多动症专家余兴文主任医师介绍说，受生活环境改变等诸多因素的影响，我国5至12岁儿童抽动症的发病率最近10年来增加了5至6倍。但绝大多数患儿因家长对该病缺乏认识，治疗延误。

    余兴文主任医师说，抽动症和多动症是两种常见的儿童行为障碍。其中抽动症属于神经椎体外系功能缺陷，主要表现为：从眼肌、面肌开始，出现眨眼、摇头、挤眉，继则耸肩、甩胳膊、踢

    腿、鼓肚子，或扭动肢体、躯干；发声性抽动，孩子常不由自主地发出“哼”、“啊”、“咳”等异常声音，往往被大人斥责为“装怪相”，严重时出现不由自主的污秽言语。其中，眨眼睛和清嗓子，是儿童抽动症最常见的首发症状。这些行为动作反复发作，无法自控，若失治误治，呈渐进性加重，出现心理障碍，有的继发性精神异常、强迫症等。

    而多动症属心理障碍性疾病，患儿智力正常或基本正常，学习和行为及性情方面存在缺陷，主要表现为注意力不集中，做事不专心，上课小动作多，好说话，任性冲动，不服管教，严重者有说谎，打架等行为。

    患有抽动症和多动症的孩子，由于不由自主地抽动、多动，导致注意力分散，有些患儿上课时为努力控制自己的发声抽动，注意力不能集中在老师的讲课上，因此学习成绩普遍较差。同学、老师的不理解，会使患儿更不喜欢上学，甚至厌学、逃学。如得不到及时有效的治疗，患儿不但难以建立自尊、自信、健全的人格，部分孩子到了青少年时期还可出现品行障碍。

    专家提醒：抽动症、多动症要早诊断，早治疗。

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