鸡蛋煮多长时间能保存营养素?
发布时间:2011-07-06
来源:家庭医生在线
煮鸡蛋看似简单,却不好把握火候,时间过短会使蛋黄不熟,时间过长会使鸡蛋变老不好吃。对此,据介绍,其实煮鸡蛋的最佳时机很好把握。凉水下锅,水开后算好5分钟,煮出来的鸡蛋既被杀死了有害致病菌,又能比较完整地保存营养素。
如果鸡蛋在沸水中煮超过10分钟,内部会发生一系列化学变化。蛋白质结构变得更紧密,不容易与胃液中蛋白质消化酶接触,所以较难消化。蛋品中蛋白质含有较多的蛋氨酸,经过长时间加热后,它会分解出硫化物,它与蛋黄中的铁发生反应,形成人体不易吸收的硫化铁,营养损失较多。
煮不熟的鸡蛋危害更大。生鸡蛋不但存在沙门氏菌污染问题,还有抗酶蛋白和抗生物素蛋白两种有害物。前者会影响蛋白质的消化吸收;后者能与食物中的生物素结合,导致人体生物素缺乏,产生精神倦怠、肌肉酸痛等症状。而鸡蛋一经煮熟,上述两种物质才会被破坏。
此外,煮蛋时还可掌握以下技巧,以防止营养素的流失:水必须没过蛋,否则浸不到水的地方蛋白质不易凝固,影响消化;煮前把蛋放入冷水浸泡一会儿,以降低蛋内气压;然后用中等火候,冷水煮沸,即可防止蛋壳破裂,避免营养素流失。
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