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蛋清和蛋黄相比哪个更营养
发布时间:2011-07-01      来源:人民网

    事实是,鸡蛋中的保健成分全部存在于蛋黄当中。蛋清中只有88%的水分、钾和比较纯的蛋白质。几乎所有维生素和微量元素,以及胆碱、甜菜碱、叶黄素、omega-3脂肪酸之类保健成分都在蛋黄里。吃鸡蛋而不吃蛋黄,就失去了吃鸡蛋的健康意义,还不如吃块豆腐了事。

    而且,最令人欣喜的是,无论用什么烹调方法,鸡蛋黄中的保健成分都变化甚小。以前广为流传的所谓鸡蛋不同烹调方法营养吸收率不同的说法,主要是针对蛋白质的消化率而言,却没有提供其中微量营养素和保健成分保存率的信息。正由于鸡蛋黄居于中央,在烹调时和氧气接触较少,也并不直接受到高热,故而其中的营养成分得以基本保存。

    鸡蛋里这些成分,与其说是增加心脏病的危险,不如说是降低心脏病和多种老年性疾病的风险。其中的叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12共同作用,再加上甜菜碱,是最有利于降低同半胱氨酸水平的组合。其中的叶黄素和玉米黄素,加上胆碱和卵磷脂,都有利于降低心脏病的危险。而维生素A、维生素B2、叶黄素和玉米黄素,都有利于延缓眼睛的衰老。所以说,尽管有那么多胆固醇,却不能武断地说,蛋黄有害健康。事实上,也没有任何研究直接证明,吃蛋黄增加了心脏病的危险。

    然而,鸡蛋当中的叶酸含量还嫌太低,如果在吃鸡蛋的同时配合大量的深绿色叶菜,效果将更为卓着。绿叶蔬菜不仅是叶酸的最佳来源,而且也是叶黄素的最佳来源,同时又提供了大量的类黄酮。这些保健成分共同作用,对于预防心脏病会更加有效。同时,由于鸡蛋黄中含磷过高,如果配合富含钾、钙、镁而低磷的绿叶蔬菜,更能达到营养元素的平衡状态。

    专家推荐,每周只有3-4天吃鱼肉,其余的日子,用鸡蛋、豆制品和坚果配合主食来提供蛋白质。比如说,在午餐当中吃200克焯拌的绿叶菜,一个少油烹调的鸡蛋,加上含50克豆腐干的炒蔬菜,一碗含粗粮或豆类的饭,可以提供27克蛋白质,约350毫克的钙,还有极多的卵磷脂、叶黄素、维生素B2、维生素A等保健成分。这样的吃法,对于降低心脏病的风险,对于视力的保护,对于健骨和美容的好处,与快餐店里的红烧牛肉套餐、糖醋排骨套餐相比,那可真是天上地下之差。

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