新生儿过冬必知细节-亲子教育-君健网

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新生儿过冬必知细节

发布时间：2011-01-06 来源：

当宝宝处于母亲体内时，就好比生活在温水浴之中，无须自行调节体温。而当宝宝出生后，就会立即受到环境的影响。如果环境温度较低，就会容易着凉受冻。因此，冬季诞生的“冬宝宝”尤应注意保暖，效果的好坏往往取决于细节。

新生儿产热、散热易失衡

新生宝宝产热能力差。在低温下宝宝不像成人那样靠肌肉颤抖产热来维持体温，而是靠脂肪代谢产热。由于宝宝体内脂肪很少，其产热能力当然会“力不从心”。

新生宝宝易丢失热量。因为新生儿的皮下脂肪很薄，脂肪组织的隔热作用差，容易丢失热量。因此，新生儿的散热速度比成人快4倍之多。

如果初生宝宝未得到妥当的保暖，就会表现体温降低，吮乳差或拒乳，哭声低微，四肢冰凉，尿量减少，面色苍白。严重的下肢硬肿，以后扩展到全身。此外，患儿还会出现心音低钝，心率变慢等现象。

小手暖而不出汗，保暖措施己到位

新生儿所在的屋内要保持一定的温度。如果有空调或暖气，最好室内温度控制在21-25摄氏度，新生儿腋下温度维持在36-37摄氏度最适合。如果家中缺少取暖设备，可用多个热水袋用棉套包好，放在离宝宝10厘米的地方取暖，但要防烫伤。

有空调的家庭要定时开窗，保证经常换气。由于冬季干燥，湿度小，对新生儿呼吸道粘膜和纤毛不利，所以湿度要保持在50%左右，可采用加湿器，或室内放一盆水。

冬季也要给宝宝经常洗澡。洗澡时要注意，先洗头后用毛巾擦干，再带上一顶小帽，然后再洗颈、腋窝，在上身洗好后，穿上上衣，接着洗臀及下肢，洗好后活动一下再睡觉。洗澡的室内保持在25摄氏度左右。

新生儿排尿次数较多，一天要换十多次至二十多次尿布。换尿布时腹部易受凉。因此，在换尿布时要将毛巾盖在宝宝腹部，手脚也要快一些。

冬季给宝宝穿的衣服应具有较强的保暖性，最好用柔软的棉布制作，较宽松些，这样不会妨碍肢体活动，易穿易脱。

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医生姓名：刘伏友
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